Whose work seems most relevant to todays social p Essays

Whose work seems most relevant to today's social problems ? It is clear that each of these sociological doctrines (Functionalism, Conflict Theory, and Symbolic Interactionism) have been established and refined over many years' time . Consequently, e ach discipline has found its own identity and intent. They are used to support different models or representations for mapping what we think of as sociology. It would be an injustice , though, for me to blatantly declare one of these sociological perspectives to have more validity and reliability than the other two. Having said that, I think that from the perspective of an educator , Karl Marx, Conflict Theory perspective seems most relevant to today's social problems in that, "Marx believed that communism was a more equitable system than capitalism", if we lived in a communist society, more of the population would be in the same class, then just the top 3%. Why did you c hoose that sociological thinker? Conflict, by nature, is goal oriented; conflict seeks resolution. This commonality (solution seeking) is what binds real world problems and people, with sociological Conflict Theory perspective, and to a greater extent than Functionalism, or Symbolic Interactionism . In choosing this perspective I would have to say that Karl Marx and his views on sociology seem a better fit in describing social interactions in today's w orld - this is a totally subjective conclusion on my part, as a layman in the field. W hich social problems were you thinking of? What comes to mind in answering this question is that old saying in Economics, "Unlimited wants for scares resources" . Most of today's world has come to embrace Capitalism as their economic philosophy. Karl Marx saw the inequities in this system that still prevail today. Look at the wealth distribution o f our country and the World, it is obvious that inequality is not only prevalent, but one of the most challenging sociological problems we face today .

The Great Permian-Triassic Extinction

The Great Permian-Triassic Extinction The greatest mass extinction of the last 500 million years or Phanerozoic Eon happened 250 million years ago, ending the Permian Period and beginning the Triassic Period. More than nine-tenths of all species disappeared, far exceeding the toll of the later, more familiar Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction. For many years not much was known about the Permian-Triassic (or P-Tr) extinction. But starting in the 1990s, modern studies have stirred the pot, and now the P-Tr is a field of ferment and controversy. Fossil Evidence of the Permian-Triassic Extinction The fossil record shows that many lines of life went extinct both before and at the P-Tr boundary, especially in the sea. Most notable were the trilobites, the graptolites, and the tabulate and rugose corals. Almost completely exterminated were the radiolarians, brachiopods, ammonoids, crinoids, ostracodes and conodonts. Floating species (plankton) and swimming species (nekton) suffered more extinctions than bottom-dwelling species (benthos). Species that had calcified shells (of calcium carbonate) were penalized; creatures with chitin shells or no shells did better. Among the calcified species, those with thinner shells and those with more ability to control their calcification tended to survive. On land, the insects had severe losses. A great peak in the abundance of fungus spores marks the P-Tr boundary, a sign of massive plant and animal death. Higher animals and land plants underwent significant extinctions, though not as devastating as in the marine setting. Among the four-legged animals (tetrapods), the ancestors of the dinosaurs came through the best. The Triassic Aftermath The world recovered very slowly after the extinction. A small number of species had large populations, rather like the handful of weed species that fill an empty lot. Fungus spores continued to be abundant. For millions of years, there were no reefs and no coal beds. Early Triassic rocks show completely undisturbed marine sediments- nothing was burrowing in the mud. Many marine species, including the dasyclad algae and calcareous sponges, disappeared from the record for millions of years, then reappeared looking just the same. Paleontologists call these Lazarus species (after the man Jesus revived from death). Presumably they lived on in sheltered places from which no rocks have been found. Among the shelly benthic species, the bivalves and gastropods became dominant, as they are today. But for 10 million years they were very small. The brachiopods, which had completely dominated the Permian seas, nearly vanished. On land the Triassic tetrapods were dominated by the mammal-like Lystrosaurus, which had been obscure during the Permian. Eventually the first dinosaurs arose, and the mammals and amphibians became small creatures. Lazarus species on land included the conifers and ginkgos. Geologic Evidence of the Permian-Triassic Extinction Many different geologic aspects of the extinction period have been documented recently: Salinity in the sea fell sharply during the Permian for the first time, changing oceanic physics to make deep water circulation more difficult.The atmosphere went from very high oxygen content (30%) to very low (15%) during the Permian.The evidence shows global warming AND glaciations near the P-Tr.Extreme erosion of the land suggests that ground cover disappeared.Dead organic matter from the land flooded the seas, pulling dissolved oxygen from the water and leaving it anoxic at all levels.A geomagnetic reversal occurred near the P-Tr.A series of great volcanic eruptions was building up a gigantic body of basalt called the Siberian Traps. Some researchers argue for a cosmic impact at P-Tr time, but the standard evidence of impacts is missing or disputed. The geologic evidence fits an impact explanation, but it does not demand one. Instead the blame seems to fall on volcanism, as it does for other mass extinctions. The Volcanic Scenario Consider the stressed biosphere late in the Permian: low oxygen levels restricted land life to low elevations. Ocean circulation was sluggish, raising the risk of anoxia. And the continents sat in a single mass (Pangea) with a reduced diversity of habitats. Then great eruptions begin in what is Siberia today, starting the largest of Earths large igneous provinces (LIPs). These eruptions release huge amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulfur gases (SOx). In the short term the SOx cools the Earth while in the longer term the CO2 warms it. The SOx also creates acid rain while CO2 entering the seawater makes it harder for calcified species to build shells. Other volcanic gases destroy the ozone layer. And finally, magma rising through coal beds releases methane, another greenhouse gas. (A novel hypothesis argues that the methane was instead produced by microbes that acquired a gene enabling them to eat organic matter in the seafloor.) With all of this happening to a vulnerable world, most life on Earth could not survive. Luckily it has never been quite this bad since then. But global warming poses some of the same threats today.

All the SAT Idioms You Need Complete List

All the SAT Idioms You Need Complete List SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Idiom questions on the SAT are different than most of the other grammar questions. Why? Idiom questions can't be figured out by applying a specific rule. You have to rely on your general knowledge of English and your familiarity with certain phrases. Because you’re likely to encounter a couple of idiom questions on the SAT Writing and Language subsection, I’ll provide you with some information about idioms that should help you raise your SAT score. In this post, I’ll do the following: Explain the concept of an idiom. Detail the most common type of idiom questions on the SAT Writing and Language subsection. Offer strategies to help you identify and correctly answer idiom questions. Give a thorough SAT idiom list to help guide your studying. Provide you with practice questions to test you on what you’ve learned. What Is an Idiom? Idioms are phrases or expressions that do not conform to simple rules. Each idiom, by definition, is unique. Most people think of idioms as expressions that often have figurative meanings different from their literal meanings. Examples of this type of idiom include "at the drop of the hat," "beat around the bush," and "in over (one's) head." However, the SAT does not test you on these colloquial expressions. SAT Writing and Language idiom questions will test you on different types of idioms. How Are Idioms Tested in SAT Writing and Language? While the SAT does not test you on the figurative expressions I referenced above, the SAT may test you on two types of idioms: prepositional idioms and idioms with gerunds/infinitives. Prepositional Idioms For prepositional idioms, you must know which prepositions to use with a given word based on the context of the sentence. For example, you should say that you're "interested in" something, not "interested at" something. You "focus on" something, not "focus at" something. There is no rule to determine the correct preposition to use. You must be familiar with the phrase or rely on what you think "sounds right." Here's an example sentence with a prepositional idiom: Because he laughed when his friend fell down, Justin was accused of being devoid at sympathy. You may encounter a sentence like this on your SAT. In the sentence, there is no violation of a specific grammar rule. However, "devoid at" is an idiom error. Why? Well, the correct phrase is "devoid of." The corrected version of the sentence looks like this: Because he laughed when his friend fell down, Justin was accused of being devoid of sympathy. The expression "devoid of" means without. Familiarity with the given expression greatly helps to identify an idiom error. There is another type of idiom that may be tested on the SAT. Idioms with Gerunds or Infinitives Gerunds are verbs that are used as nouns and end in "ing." Examples of gerunds include running, jumping, and thinking. Infinitives are verbs used as nouns and are constructed by using the word "to" plus a verb. Examples of infinitives include to run, to jump, and to think. What are some examples of idioms with gerunds or infinitives? The correct phrase is "capable of being," not "capable as being." The proper idiomatic expression is "mind being,"not "mind to be."For these types of idioms, you need to know which preposition to use and whether to use a gerund or an infinitive. With some idioms, depending on the context, it is acceptable to use an infinitive or a gerund. Here's an example: I struggle to do geometry. Or, you can also write: I struggle doing geometry. Both sentences are correct. Here is a sentence with an idiom error: Bob insists at being annoying. Do you recognize the idiom error? Do you know the right idiom? This is the corrected version of the sentence: Bob insists on being annoying. Again, there is no rule to learn that lets you know that the phrase should be "insists on being" instead of "insists at being." This is another example of an idiom error: Julietends being worrisome. Check out the sentence after the idiom error is corrected: Julie tends to be worrisome. The infinitive form should be used with the word "tends" instead of the gerund form. Now let's look at idiom questions from the SAT. Real Examples Here are a couple of idiom questions from the College Board's practice tests. Explanation:The infinitive "to be" is incorrectly used with the verb "serves." In this sentence, the proper idiomatic expression is "serves as." The correct answer is B. See if you can figure out this idiom question: Explanation: The correct idiomatic expression is "as a means of." The answer is B. Why Are Idiom Questions Difficult/Easy? Why They're Difficult Idiom questions can be challenging because other grammar questions follow specific rules or patterns that can be applied to all sentences. Idiom questions test your knowledge of specific idiomatic expressions. Literally, there are thousands of idioms. It's not practical to try to remember each one. Furthermore, ESL students are less likely to be able to identify idiom errors. Those who have recently learned English have had less exposure to idiomatic expressions and can't learn all of the correct expressions by memorizing a rule. Why They're Easy Idiom questions are one of the few types of grammar questions where solely relying on what "sounds right" is likely to give you the right answer. These questions don't require you to understand and apply a rule. If you're familiar with the specific idioms that appear on your SAT, you can easily spot any idiom errors. SAT Tips for Idiom Questions #1: If a preposition, gerund, or infinitive is underlined, check for idiom errors. #2: The question may be testing idioms if the answer choices are all prepositions. #3:Keep a list of idioms that appear on practice tests. #4: Review and familiarize yourself with the list of idioms below. Complete List of SAT Writing Idioms While there are thousands of idioms in the English language, SAT idiom questions will most likely involveprepositional idioms or idioms with gerunds/infinitives. I've listed some of the more common prepositional idioms and idioms with gerunds/infinitives to help guide your studying. Idioms that have appeared on questions in the College Board’s practice tests are listed first. It's not practical for you to memorize every single idiom on this list. There will probably only be a couple of idiom questions on your SAT Writing and Language subsection. Spending numerous hours learning hundreds of idioms wouldn't be the best use of your study time. However, I do recommend that you review this list periodically to become more familiar with these phrases. Thinking about proper idiom construction should benefit you when you encounter idiom questions on the SAT. You'll improve your intuitive grasp of idioms and be able to better recognize idiom errors. Here's my thorough list of idioms: IDIOMS FROM SAT PRACTICE TESTS as a means of serve as wait for in order to be PREPOSITIONAL IDIOMS About anxious about ask about bring about curious about hear about think about talk about worry about Against adviseagainst argue against count against decide against defend against go against rebel against As celebrate as regard as see as view as At aim at arriveat laugh at look at succeedat By accompanied by amazed by confused by followed by go by impressed by organized by struck by For advocate for ask for blame for famous for known for last for meant for named for necessary for pay for ready for responsible for tolerance for strive for wait for watch for From abstain from different from excuse from far from obvious from protect from Into enter into lookinto inquire into read into In engage in fall in love in Aas inB interested in succeed in take in On base on draw on focus on impose on insist on move on prey on rely on Over argue over ruleover talk over thinkover Of approve of capable of certainof characteristic of combination of A and B cure of deprive of die of a fan of in danger of in the hope of in recognition of made up of a model of an offer of on the border of remind of a selection of a source of suspicious of take advantage of an understanding of a wealth of To able to accustomed to adapt to adhere to admit to adjacent to agree to as opposed to belong to central to come to contribute to devoted to in addition to in contrast to listen to object to prefer Ato B partial to reluctant to reply to see to similar to a threat to try to (NOT try and) unique to With agree with bargain with correlate with familiar with identify with in keeping with interfere with sympathize with trust with GERUNDS VS. INFINITIVES Verbs Followed by a Gerund accuse of admire for allow appreciate capable of complete concentrate on confess to consider delay describe discourage from discuss dislike effective at enjoy escape finish forbid imagine insist on permit plan on postpone refrain from report resent resume stop tolerate PrepositionsFollowed by a Gerund before after without Verbs Followed by an Infinitive agree attempt choose condescend dare decide deserve encourage expect fail intend love mean neglect offer plan prepare promise refuse scramble seem strive swear tend threaten want Additional Practice Congratulations on successfully making it to this point in the article! I know that was a long list. By now, you should understand the concept of idioms and how idioms are tested on the SAT. I've created some realistic SAT questions on idioms for you. Consider the proper construction of idiomatic expressions and try to answer these questions without referring to the list above. 1. Diligent research performed byeducation scholars indicatesthat moretime spent studying correlates frombetter educational outcomes. A. NO CHANGE B. of C. with D. Delete the underlined portion 2. Because she is extremelyprotective, Renee hopes to preventher younger sister formaking irresponsible decisions atparties. A. NO CHANGE B. to C. from D. at 3.After beinginterrogated bythe police for five hours, Ken admitted to beingguilty of racketeering and money laundering. A. NO CHANGE B. to be C. to having D. is 4.Even thoughshe was expected doingall of the domestic labor, Natasha wasunwilling to conformto traditional gender roles. A. NO CHANGE B. to do C. at D. having done Answers: 1. C, 2. C, 3. A, 4. B What's Next? Now that the maximum score for the SAT is a 1600, find out what's a good score on the new SAT. Find out how to find your target score. Finally, learn whether you should take the SAT or the ACT. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep classes. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our classes are entirely online, and they're taught by SAT experts. If you liked this article, you'll love our classes. Along with expert-led classes, you'll get personalized homework with thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step, custom program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Try it risk-free today:

Difference between B2B and B2C Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Difference between B2B and B2C Marketing - Essay Example The relationship shared by a company with external clients, whether general consumers or other businesses, is a vital aspect and requires careful strategic planning. B2B marketing and B2C marketing have therefore evolved into important areas of study in marketing. The current paper aims at understanding the differences existing between the two marketing models. The research has been carried out in respect of the B2B and B2C marketing strategies existing in the airline industry in reference to Qantas airlines (Basole and Rouse, 2008). While marketing products to other businesses, preference is given to the logic of the product. Time and cost saving are the most important features which are highlighted. B2B marketing involves careful strategic analysis of the different organizational processes. The need for seeking an in-depth knowledge regarding a firm’s operations, supply chain, value chain and overall resource management process is higher in the B2B marketing process (Vargo a nd Lusch, 2008). Relations with suppliers are also seen to hold an important place in such a marketing approach. In contrast to such marketing strategies, B2C marketing strategies center upon attracting consumers by highlighting the benefits and the uses of the product. Consumers are seen to remain more focused on the features and uses of a product (Vargo and Lusch, 2008). Price and quality are also important factors which should be considered while marketing products to the consumers. There are also fundamental differences in the manner in which the products and services are presented in B2B and B2C marketing. In B2B marketing, products are presented using consultative sales techniques.

Using Social Psychology as an Informed Clinician Essay

Using Social Psychology as an Informed Clinician - Essay Example For most psychologists who have seen patterns of behaviors, making conclusions regarding their hypotheses may be easy with the knowledge derived from research. Such knowledge may be very helpful to counselors and clinicians in understanding client problems, as these are backed up by intensive study. What is the effect of people on other people? How do various situations affect human behavior? These are questions psychological researchers have attempted to answer in the past decades. Subjects ranged from young children to very old people. Bandura, Ross & Ross (1961) have explored how children respond to aggressive models and have concluded that such models greatly influence children’s aggressive behaviors. In the absence of supervision that may hinder the natural behavior of children, those exposed to aggression apply their observations of aggression to a bobo doll. Clinicians may use this information to inform their clients how powerful their behaviors are in influencing their children’s behavioral and personality development. Aggression is not the only thing that children can imitate from adults. Expressions, mannerisms, behaviors, value systems, and a whole lot more may readily be absorbed by children as much as aggressive behaviors discussed in Bandura et alâ⠂¬â„¢s study. Clinicians involved in the therapy of children can use this information to guide parents to be good role models to their children. Likewise, children exhibiting unlikely adult behaviors may be probed on how adults around them have been influencing their behaviors. Sessions with those adults, then, may be arranged too. Consciously or not, other people’s behaviors have an effect on ours. People subjected to intimidation may readily yield to pressure. The classic experiment of Stanley Milgram (1963) on obedience is one study that has created much controversy in the science of Psychology. The uncomfortable experimental

Importance of education Essay Example for Free

Importance of education Essay Parents having or not having a college degree should not determine if their child will go to college. Some may say the amount of money the parents make should determine if the child will be able to attend college. If the parent’s income is low that should motivate the kid to try harder to at least earn a scholarship to college. On the news there was a teenager about the age of 18; she was a senior who is getting ready to graduate. Her parents had no money to put her through college. She told the reporter that she was not going to allow that stop her from going to college. This young lady is now going to University of Notre Dame on a full ride scholarship. There is no reason not to attend college, because without a college education there are fewer opportunities. Others think about the physical benefits of education to motivate them such as money, cars and clothes. They think about how their life would be with all those materialistic things. There are some children whose parents did not attend college but they did not let that stop them from going to college and doing what they wanted to do in life. Although some families cannot afford to put their children through college that should not stop them because education is significantly linked to many other outcomes and changes viewpoints. Ever since I can remember, my friend’s father has preached the benefits of good education. He never tires of quoting Alexander Popes maxim: â€Å"The height that great men reached and kept were not attained by sudden flight, but while their companions slept, were toiling upwards in the night†, as his stand-in for  get all the education you can obtain, and while you’re at it, don’t slack off. He knows what he is talking about because he has several degrees to back it up—a Bachelor of Science in Nursing, as well as a PH.D in English education. Mother, with a Bachelor of Arts in Religion, a Bachelor of Science in Nursing, and a Master of Science in Nurse Anesthesia, is not too far behind. Growing up with them, I am awed by how many the parents, who came from extremely humble educational backgrounds in our native Ghana, achieved. My friend Michael told me none of his grandparents had a college degree. Some of the outcome education holds is: it gives the freedom for one to get married, and to raise a child outside of poverty. According to Michael Greenstone, (2009) â€Å"In 2010, more than 38 percent of the 14 million children of mothers who had not graduated from high school lived below the poverty line. Among other things, they are less likely to do well in school, which creates a vicious cycle where the children of less-educated parents fall farther behind their peers who were born into more-educated families†. Good education has a major effect on how one will live their future. Parents who have less education have a hard time finding a decent job, getting married or supporting their children. Most families with less education live pay check to pay check because their income is not enough to support them. I agree with this statement because I have could relate. When I first moved to the States from Ghana, my parents’ degrees were not valid in the U.S. My parents had to find low income jobs to work at; we lived pay check to pay check. Parents with good education financial freedom can raise a child without and trouble financially. For example my friend Michael’s parents have a good education background they have three kids, two boys and one girl. The two boys are both attending Michigan State University. I have been blessed with a family that has used education as their gateway to success. For example, my mother has three brothers and one sister. My mother and father decided to help my   uncle come to America from their homeland of Ghana. When they got here, my parents helped pay for his school to a community college. Now each of them has beautiful families they are able to provide for, thanks to their  education. My uncle now has his masters in biology and is a professor at a community college in Ohio. After my uncle graduated he told me how happy he was about the choice he made to go to college to get his masters. Unfortunately, my aunt could not make it to America because she has family obligation back in Ghana, and to this day she still depends on my parents for basic sustenance. With a good education my family was able to provide for my other family members when they need help the most. Not saying with a less a education people cannot provide for their families, I am simply saying a good education makes it an easy task not a burden. My best friend was a smart person but his parents did not have the money to help him attend college. He went through a lot of difficulty to get his scholarship: He asked family members to help pay; he went to the bank for a loan; he worked the entire summer as a full time cashier at Best Buy; he then got the call about his full ride scholarship. My best friend’s parents did not finish college, but he did not let that affect his decision to college even though he knew his parents didn’t have the money. He later on told me he didn’t know what to do about the money situation for college, but he worked hard in high school to get a full ride scholarship to Andrews University. My best friend did not only work hard, but he has to also give up high school sports to focus on his education. He was in the honors program and was an honor roll student; he was also valedictorian of our high school. These are some of the characteristics which made him the best person for the scholarship. I honestly think that there should not be any reason for anyone not to go to college becau se in the long run people tend to wish they had gone to   college. But who really cares about education? Who besides me and my parents care about the benefits education brings to the person who pursues their education to a higher level? A crucial reason education is so important is the fact that the lack of education can lead to ignorance which can be very dangerous. When you learn new things you not only grow scholastically, but you also change your views about topics you didn’t fully understand. For instance, my friend Michael grew up never hating homosexuals; however, he didn’t understand them so he understood the idea that homosexuality is a choice behavior. In his church  school junior high religion classes, he was taught that homosexuality is immoral because people essentially choose that lifestyle. Michael later on came to the public school where I attended. He took several biology classes where he learned that for the most part there is significant biological component to homosexuality. By definition, education is the act or process of imparting or acquiring general knowledge, developing the powers of reasoning and judgment, and generally of preparing oneself or others intellectually for mature life. Education is not only about who has the money but rather who has the motivation to strive for success. Knowledge has a way o f enriching the life of the student as well. Throughout my years as a student I have had wonderful teachers who have helped me appreciate knowledge for its own sake. Nowadays finding a job without a good education is hard; people are going back to college to further their education just to land a good job. At my college I see people old enough to be my grandparents; they are not there because they have nothing better to do. They are there because they want a good education and financial freedom. Education is not only about who has the money but rather who has the motivation to strive for success. Throughout my years as a   student I have had wonderful teachers who have helped me appreciate knowledge for its own sake and I will continue to strive for success. Reference Greenstone, M. (2010). The Importance of education: An Economics View. Retrieved from http://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2012/11/07/11greenstone_ep.h32.html

Digital Cash Can Never Work Essay -- Money Internet Businesses Essays

Digital Cash Can Never Work The continued growth of the Internet and the World Wide Web is making a means of secure, on-line monetary transfers a necessity. This growth requires that companies and individuals be able to transact business safely across Cyberspace. Without incentive, in the form of increased revenues, businesses and individuals will lack the financial incentive to continue investing in the Internet. Without continued investment, the Internet will never reach its potential to dramatically change, and hopefully improve, the way that we live our lives. Fortunately, the push for digital cash is already underway. The only question is, regardless of whichever of these payment systems succeeds, will the transaction be truly anonymous or not? [FN1] The major concern of those opposed to non-anonymous digital cash is a loss of privacy. This is a legitimate concern, although exaggerated by fear of a "Big Brother" type state. The spending of cash has never been anonymous. A cash transaction, whether it be at a store, with a vendor, or just on the street, always involves two parties. In all of these transactions the payee and the payer meet face to face as the cash is exchanged. The privacy that people feel during these types of cash transactions stems, not from cash being a truly anonymous payment system, but from the anonymity of society itself. In a society built of large metropolises, anonymity is achieved by not knowing everybody else rather than not being able to find out who they are. If someone tries to pass off counterfeit money to a shopkeeper, regardless of that individuals anonymity because the shopkeeper doesn’t know them, the shopkeeper has the recourse of calling the police and being able to give a descript... ...where information is power, deleting all information represents an absolute loss of control and safety because information protects us all. [FN 1] For a discussion of the various payment methods proposed and the entities involved see: Udo Flohr, Cash, checks and coupons are all going digital. Here are the technical underpinnings of tomorrow’s legal tender, Byte, June 1996. On the Internet at: http://www.byte.com/art/9606/sec7/art1.htm; and A. Michael Froomkin, Flood Control on the Information Ocean: Living With Anonymity, Digital Cash, and Distributed Databases, 15 U. Pittsburg Journal of Law and Commerce 395 (1996). On the Internet at: http://www.law.maimi.edu/~froomkin/articles/oceanno.htm#xtocid583121 [FN 2] David Chaum, Achieving Electronic Privacy, Sci. Am., Aug. 1992, at 96. On the Internet at: http://ganges.cs.tcd.ie/mepeirce/Project/Chaum/sciam.html

Advantage Of Computer

Advantages:1. They allow people across the globe to communicate with each other, no matter at what time, via the use of email. 2. They allow people to look up information directly, instead of the use of searching through books. 3. Back-up copies of work can be made easily, without having to re-write everything. 4. People can work from home, and spend more time with their families because of this. 5. People with disabilities whom can't write, can get software that allows them to speak and it types it on the screen.Disadvantages:1. People somtimes spend all their time secluded in theirs rooms on the computer. 2. Peadophiles on chat rooms 3. Easier to copy peoples homework as you can sometimes find the sources online. 4. Illegal downloading can ruin businesses 5. Details such as bank records, can be hacked into, and thus your personal information is no longer as safe as it used to be. Advantages of Computers1. It can store large amount of facts, instructions, and information. 2. It can process data with accuracy at a very high speed (reaching up to 50 million operations per second). 3. IT can repeat operations in exactly the same way over long period of time. 4. It can check the accuracy of its work. 5. It is capable of executing instructions on its own after the data and program have been fed into its memory. 6. It can perform logical operations. 7. It can communicate with the operator.Disadvantages of Computers1. A computer can only perform operations programmed or instructed by a person. 2. It cannot correct wrong instructions by itself. 3. Its capability to perform logical operations depends on the choice

Between White and Roberts Essay

Between the descriptive essay â€Å"Once More to the Lake† by E.B. White, and the narrative essay â€Å"How to Say Nothing in 500 Words† by P.M. Roberts I find the descriptive essay to be far more interesting to read for the way it is written appeals to the senses of the reader. Both essays, however, carry good merit and are written very well. The essay that is currently being presented is an interpretation of the similarities and differences between the styles of these two essays, and the impact they have on the reader as well. Among the major differences between the two essays is the way they are structured. In the essay â€Å"How to Say Nothing in 500 Words† Roberts uses nine different headings relating to the key elements of what he is writing about. He breaks down each component of what he considers to be good practices of writing with each section consisting of its own idea. He uses this method to present multiple ideas pertaining to the same general subjec t of the essay. Using headings to separate ideas and points is a good way to present information clearly, but it also gives a paper an impersonal and formal feeling that most casual or average readers do not relate to. In â€Å"Once More to the Lake†, however, White does not separate ideas into different headings. The story he tells in his essay progresses forward without being broken up into multiple ideas, and the general subject does not change throughout the essay in any major way. The entire essay reads like it is its own chapter of a book. It provides the reader with a fluent story from start to finish. Another large difference between these two essays is in the tone and language that the authors use. Roberts uses a mostly formal tone and language throughout most of his essay. There are a few places in which he uses mild humor to keep the readers’ interest, but his dry tone mixed with the subject his essay is centered on limits the effectiveness of his attempts. One such attempt at humor is where he speaks of a college  professor grading essays in the sentence, â€Å"As he reads paper after paper all saying the same thing in almost the same words, all bloodless, five hundred words dripping out of nothing, he wonders how he allowed himself to get trapped into teaching English when he might have had a happy and interesting life as an electrician or a confidence man.† (P.M. Roberts) He has a very dry sense of humor that leaves the reader wondering why he even makes the attempt at humor in many cases. White uses an informal tone in his essay, and uses language that appeals to the readers’ senses. He makes no attempts at humor in his essay like Roberts does, but he instead paints pictures of scenery with words in exuberant detail. The depth and detail with which he writes stirs the readers’ emotions and memories in the way he tells of his own memories. He takes the mind of the reader on a journey with him as he recounts memories of his childhood. The tone he uses is one that is somber and serious, but also quite casual. â€Å"Summertime, oh summertime, pattern of life indelible, the fade proof lake, the woods unshatterable, the pasture with the sweet fern and the juniper forever and ever, summer without end; this was the background, and the life along the shore was the design, the cottages with their innocent and tranquil design, their tiny docks with the flagpole and the American flag floating against the white clouds in the blue sky, the little paths over the roots of the trees leading from camp to camp and the paths leading back to the outhouses and the can of lime for sprinkling, and at the souvenir counters at the store the miniature birch-bark canoes and the post cards that showed things looking a little better than they looked.† (E.B. White) It is with the use of this kind of language that White fills the writing canvas, as well as the reader’s thoughts, with the detailed images of the surroundings of the lake. The subject matter between the essays by Roberts and White is yet another drastic difference. â€Å"How to Say Nothing in 500 Words† is an informative narrative essay about what to, and what not to do in the writing of a college essay. It is a strictly academic essay. It covers a number of points of what kind of language and ideas to use in a college level paper. The section of his essay that he names â€Å"Call a Fool a Fool† can easily be summarized as him trying to get across that one should say what they think of a matter regardless of what they think the instructor grading the paper or anyone else that might read it would think of what you have to say. He  basically states that if it is your opinion, then state it without worrying that it may offend anyone that may not share the same view. The subject matter of Roberts’ essay is a topic that only a college student would truly care to read about. The subject matter of the essay by White, however, is nearly as far in the other direction as you can get from Roberts’ essay about writing an essay about college football. White’s essay â€Å"Once More to the Lake† is about his visit with his son back to the same lake that his own father took him to every summer with his family while he was growing up. He describes in detail the changes that have occurred in the many years since he had been back to the lake, and the times he had with his family in his youth as well as the time he is spending there now with his own son. â€Å"Inside, all was just as it had always been, except there was more Coca Cola and not so much Moxie and root beer and birch beer and sarsaparilla. We would walk out with a bottle of pop apiece and sometimes the pop would backfire up our noses and hurt. We explored the streams, quietly, where the turtles slid off the sunny logs and dug their way into the soft bottom; and we lay on the town wharf and fed worms to the tame bass. Everywhere we went I had trouble making out which was I, the one walking at my side, the one walking in my pants.† (White E.B.) The way he describes and speaks of his surroundings and the small adventures that he and his son embark upon makes it evident that he truly cares about the story he has written, and that the entire compositio n is a nostalgic journey through his past and present. The feelings that he clearly has while writing his essay is something that nearly any reader can relate to. Now that the major contrasting points between the two essays have been presented we should move on to the similarities, but there are next to no similarities at all. The most prominent similarity between them is simply the fact that both compositions are considered essays. They are written in completely different styles on completely different subjects, and with a completely different reading audience in mind. It can be said, however, that both essays are properly written for their intended audience, and one could also argue that the essays are similar in regards to the fact that both essays give the reader something to think about after having read the compositions, but that would be reaching very far to find some form of similarity simply for the sake of being able to say that they are similar in some fashion. It is easy to say  that the two essays contrast in major ways, but it is not so easy to say that they compare in any significant way. The essays â€Å"How to Say Nothing in 500 Words† by P.M. Roberts, and â€Å"Once More to the Lake† by E.B. White are both well written, but the descriptive essay by White is the superior of the two for his use of easily understood descriptive language and the seamless flow of his ideas and thoughts on the paper making for an easy and enjoyable read. His essay is also written about a subject that nearly any reader can relate to in some way while the essay by Roberts is aimed more at a particular demographic. Roberts also uses a â€Å"matter of fact† kind of tone that if he had not introduced a dash of humor here and there throughout his essay would have made it too technical to keep the average reader interested enough to read the whole composition while the essay by White draws the reader in and leaves them wanting more. The essay â€Å"Once More to the Lake† by E.B. White is a timeless piece of literature that the writer of this essay strongly recommends to any reader. References Roberts, P. M. (n.d.). How to say nothing in 500 words. Retrieved from https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Gw_UcMT4u-ZSW7ZBN_RAMspZFex6o83oIbnvtuV-CM8/edit?pli=1 White, E.B. Once more to the lake. Retrieved from http://www.freewebs.com/lanzbom/EBWhiteLakeEssay.pdf

Civil Rights Movement Essay Example

Civil Rights Movement Essay Example Civil Rights Movement Essay Civil Rights Movement Essay In the pinnacle period of the Civil Rights Movement, a lot have been said about the great men and women who fought for their rights. Even today, we hardly talk about the Movement without mentioning the name of Martin Luther King. The passion and sacrifice that brought on this fight cannot be equaled by other movements. Charisma has been studied as a trait, with the approach to its study being to look at such qualities as â€Å"being visionary, energetic, unconventional, exemplary, and possessing outstanding rhetorical ability† (Charisma, n.d., citing Bass, 1989; Conger, 1989; Harvey, 2001) .Max Weber, on the other hand, defines charisma as â€Å"a certain quality of an individual, by virtue of which she or he is set apart from ordinary people and endowed with supernatural, superhuman, or at least specifically exceptional powers or qualities. (Charisma, n.d., citing Weber, 1947).Charismatic Theory utilized by Martin Luther King, Jr.Charismatic Leadership Theory states â€Å"t hat charismatic leaders are exceptionally self-confident, are strongly motivated to attain and assert influence, and have strong convictions on the moral correctness of their beliefs. (Charismatic Leadership as cited in House Aditya 1997, p. 416-417 Theory). King utilizes this with such ease, exceptional confidence and grace, coupled with no interest in self-aggrandizement such that he moved his audience in awe and action.It is in this light that we will look into the speech of King and see how he employed the charismatic theory in order to spur people to action. In his speech, I Have a Dream, Luther succinctly states:I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal. I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave-owners will be able to sit down together at a table of brotherhood. I have a dream that o ne day even the state of Mississippi, a desert state, sweltering with the heat of injustice and oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream todayThere is an approach to the phenomenon of charisma that King used fully well. Charisma is re-theorized as consisting of behaviors exhibited by leaders and followers projected to external and internal audiences so that they appear to have the attributes of charisma (Charisma). In a theatrical approach, charisma is treated not as consisting of a unique set of characteristics inherent to the individual, but as a set of behaviors, consisting of verbal and non-verbal cues, that can be mimicked to project charisma.   Simply put, the theatrical approach sees charisma as a set of behaviors that can be copied and learned, so that those who exhibit those behaviors will be seen as charismatic individuals capable of leadership.This protest at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. on August 28, 1963 saw King, Jr. citing the history of a hundred of years struggle of the Black race to fight for equal rights. He challenged the government and the people to rise up and live out to the true meaning of its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal. It was also in this speech that he said:When we let freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of Gods children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, Free at last! free at last! thank God Almighty, we are free at last!;In this tremendous show of passion, King had a vision of what a nation should be. Freedom as the banner of America should start by freeing its people in any form of discrimination.   The children from any kind of race should be equal in their civil rights. This basic freedom is needed, for them to understand that â€Å"men indeed are created equal†.Charismatic behaviors of being a visionary, being change-oriented, and being non-conservative are either explicitly or implicitly considered as central assumptions in all the theories of charisma that have been established since Weber;   the two argue that all such charisma theories hold that leaders who are exceptionally effective â€Å"articulate visions that are based on normative ideological values, offer innovative solutions to major social problems, stand for non-conservative if not radical change, and generally emerge and are more effective during periods of social crisis† (Fiol, Harris, and House, 1999, p. 3).This theory is effective in bringing about change and inspiring members in complex and formal organizations (Jacobsen ; House , 1999, p.2., citing Dow, 1969; Shils, 1965; Beetham, 1974; Bryman, 1992; Etzioni, 1961). Idealized influence relates to how some individuals are emulated as role models for exemplary behavior. More generally, such individuals exhibit the prized values in a group to an exemplary degree. Inspirational motivation relates to the quality of some individuals that enable them to convince group members to commit to a group vision. Intellectual stimulation refers to the ability of some individuals to make group members reexamine their views and beliefs about the status quo, by encouraging critical thinking and the challenging of rules and established ways of doing things. King maximized this in his speech as he encouraged everyone to dream with him.Personal ReactionSacrifices have been made for the fight to attain equal civil rights. The life of Martin Luther King, Jr. is one of the famous sacrifices. Putting myself as part of the audience on that momentous day, I would also be personally f ired up as he was. There was a certain infectious motivation with the way he uttered those well-chosen words. His literary style of repeating the words, â€Å"I have a dream today†¦Ã¢â‚¬  makes me ride on and dream on with him. He spurs me to action and I can just imagine how his voice and his whole being vibrated to affect his audience. In a subtle kind of way, King employed theatrics as he delivered his speech. He used all of his facial expressions, gestures and most especially, his words in order to touch his audience. He even repeated phrases so well that it drove home the point he wanted to relay such as when he stated again and again, â€Å"Let freedom ring from†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"We can never be satisfied as long as†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ConclusionIn terms of behavior, socialized leaders come up with and articulate goals that serve to better the future of their followers and serve the interest of the collective, are egalitarian in their ways of governing, are not self-ag grandizing and have low ego needs, intellectually stimulate members and help them grow individually, and work legitimately through established power and authority channels. Socialized leaders also encourage members to think critically, and to challenge and critically examine even the views of their leaders (Howell, 2001). In other words, socialized charismatic leaders can be seen to work for the benefit of others, lead from a position of reason and the strength of their conviction to serve their members, and have no vested self-interest.Throughout history the great charismatic leaders who were also forces of good that changed the world for the better can be considered in this light to be socialized charismatic leaders. Looking deeper, we see that socialized charismatic leadership is leadership exercised for the greater good, with no regard for the accumulation of personal power, and with no intention to exercise power over people for any other purpose than for their betterment.

Public Policy & Globalization and Outsourcing Essay

Public Policy & Globalization and Outsourcing - Essay Example The various steps are problem identification, policy formulation, policy adoption, policy implementation and policy evaluation (This Nation, n.d.). The problems that lead to the formulation of public policy are generally identified by spotting the causes and the factors contributing to the problem. This is the first step involved in the process of formulating public policy. This stage looks after various aspects of the problem. It identifies the degree of awareness among the commoners about the problem. This step also considers the various alternatives to reach to the solution of the problem in question (RCIP, 2002) A public policy may be adopted by certain group of people. These groups are the government players such as the courts, the executive branch and the legislative branch. There are various private players also like the citizens of the country and the interest groups (Pearson Education, 2010). The public policies are adopted for the welfare purpose of the citizens. There are various levels where the public policies enact differently. For example, at federal level such policies are levied to control the business units and the industries in a country. Moreover, for the protection of citizens staying in the country and abroad both the public policies are at times enacted distinctly. It also provides an aid to the central government as well as the state governments and the poor people by raising funds through various programs. These kinds of activities are covered by the public policies. They mainly aim at realizing the social goals (Pearson Education, 2010). The American President Barack Obama takes on bringing a change in the situation of benefitting significantly from the outsourcing Indian IT companies, has brought up a new policy. The policy developed has brought into existence a new tax code. According to this new tax code the companies that create employments in

American System of Education Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

American System of Education - Research Paper Example From the discussion it is clear that it is always good to study or learn about a country’s system of education before enrolling in any school. This will help in understanding how the system works and hence help the student during their period in school. Once a student has enrolled he or she can be able to study the units they are interested in so as to enhance their career choice. The American system of education has been admired even by the international students and therefore this topic will help in understanding how the system works. It is also important to know the schools or colleges that one can afford to pay for the tuition fee. This topic entails how the levels of education flow and when and how to enroll in any school.This essay declares that  the education system in the US want to make sure that every child is well educated. Every educator feels the need to improve the system though it has received a lot of challenges. Some subcultures do not see the value for educ ation and that some children are given wrong messages at home that school is not important. Some of the values for schooling need to be instilled from the homes.   Some schools provide for transport although it may be for certain ages or schools. At the primary and secondary levels school is mandatory. Again first grade is compulsory. President Obama has felt the need for the federal government to pay the tuition for students in community colleges.